粒子物理导论（英文版） 杜东生 科学出版社 PDF电子教材 PDF电子书 大学教材电子版 电子课本 网盘下载（价值268元）【高清非扫描版】（2022年08月）

《粒子物理导论（英文版）》杜东生 科学出版社 PDF电子教材 PDF电子书 大学教材电子版 电子课本 网盘下载（价值268元）【高清非扫描版】（2022年08月）

Introduction to Particle Physics

图书简介：

本书侧重于粒子物理学的基础知识，同时尽可能多地涵盖前沿进展。详细介绍了粒子的对称性原理、性质和分类、强子的夸克模型以及粒子间的相互作用。进一步提出了电磁和弱相互作用的统一理论和强相互作用的规范理论——量子色动力学（QCD）。在弱相互作用部分，系统地介绍了电中性粒子和中性K介子、中性B介子和中性D介子的反粒子的混合以及CP不守恒。在强相互作用部分，简要讨论了电荷、奇异态、胶体和混杂态、晶格规范理论。还介绍了轻子系统的中微子振荡和CP破坏。此外，本书还简要介绍了标准模型之外的几种新模型，如大统一理论和超对称模型。最后介绍了宇宙学与粒子物理关系的基本内容

目录：

About the Authors
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface to the First Edition
Chapter 1.　Overview　1
References　7
Chapter 2.　Symmetry and Conservation Law　9
2.1　Introduction　9
2.2　The Action, Equation of Motion and Conserved Quantities　10
2.3　Parity Transformation　14
2.3.1　Klein-Gordon field *(x)　15
2.3.2　Parity transformation of fermion field　16
2.3.3　Parity transformation of vector field　18
2.4　Charge Conjugation　19
2.4.1　Charge conjugation of scalar field　19
2.4.2　Charge conjugation of fermion field *(x)　19
2.4.3　Charge conjugation of vector field A*{x)　22
2.5　Application: Furry Theorem — A Particle of Spin 1 Cannot Decay to 27　22
2.5.1　Furry theorem　22
2.5.2　Particles of spin 1 cannot decay into two photons　23
2.6　Time Reversal　25
2.6.1　Time reversal of Klein-Gordon field *(x)　29
2.6.2　Time reversal of fermion field　29
2.6.3　Time reversal of electromagnetic field A* (x)　30
2.7　CPT Theorem　33
References　34
Chapter 3. The Classification and Properties of　Particles: Lepton　and Hadrons　37
3.1　Four Types of Interactions　37
3.2　Lepton and Lepton Number Conservation　40
3.2.1　Electron, muon and neutrino　40
3.2.2　* and its neutrino v*　43
3.2.3　Helicity of neutrinos　44
3.2.4　Lepton number conservation　46
3.3　Hadrons: Conservation of Baryon Numbers　47
3.3.1　π meson　48
3.3.2　Nucleon, antinucleon and baryon number conservation　52
3.3.3　Strange particles　53
3.3.4　Resonance　57
3.4　Scattering Cross Section, Particle Lifetime and Decay Width　63
3.4.1　Scattering cross section　63
3.4.2　Particle lifetime and decay width　67
3.5　Kinematics of Particle Decay　68
3.5.1　Two-body decay　68
3.5.2　Three-body decay, Dalitz diagram　69
References　73
Chapter　4. Isospin and G Parity　75
4.1　Isospin　75
4.1.1　The concept of isospin　75
4.1.2　Isospin transformation　78
4.1.3　The law of isospin conservation in strong interaction　83
4.1.4　The isospin of mesons and baryons　84
4.1.5　An example of isospin analysis of physical processes　88
4.2　Exchange Symmetry: Generalized Identity Principle 　90
4.3　Isospin Violation　92
4.4　G Parity　93
References　97
Chapter 5. Quark Model of Hadrons　99
5.1　Mathematical Basics　100
5.1.1　Decomposition of SU(n) group representation product, Young tableau　100
5.1.2　ensor analysis of the SU(3) group　104
5.1.3　SU(3) group generators and Casmir operators　107
5.2　SU(3) Quark Model, the SU(3) Flavor Wave Functions for Mesons and Baxyons　109
5.2.1　The flavor wave functions for the pseudoscalar meson octet and singlet　111
5.2.2　Flavor wave functions for the vector meson octet and singlet　114
5.2.3　Flavor wave functions for baryon octet and decuplet　115
5.3　Color Degree of Freedom　122
5.3.1　The relationship of baryon spin and statistics　123
5.3.2　π°*rr　123
5.3.3　Measurement of R value in e+e- annihilation process　124
5.4　Mass Formula of Hadrons　127
5.5　Mixing of Meson Singlet and Octet　129
5.6　OZI Rule　134
5.7　SU(6) Symmetry　135
5.8　Orbital Excitation States and Radial Excitation States,Multi-quark States and Exotic States　137
5.8.1　Orbital and radial excitation states　137
5.8.2　Multi-quark states and exotic states　138
5.9　The Discovery of c,b,t Quarks　139
5.10　Quark Confinement　140
References　141
Chapter　6. Electromagnetic Interaction　143
6.1　QED and Its Feynman Rule　144
6.2　M0ller Scattering　149
6.3　Bhabha Scattering　154
6.4　The Electromagnetic Form Factors of Nucleons　156
6.4.1　Electron-proton elastic scattering assuming proton being a point particle　157
6.4.2　Elastic scattering of electron-proton　159
6.5　Inelastic Scattering of Electron-Proton　166
6.5.1　Structure function of inelastic scattering　166
6.5.2　The structure function applied to elastic scattering　169
6.6　The Parton Model for Nucleons　171
6.7　The Unification of Parton and Quark Model　174
References　177
Chapter 7. Weak Interactions　179
7.1　Looking Back to History　179
7.2　Classification of Weak Decays　181
7.3　Nuclear β Decay　183
7.4　The Discovery of Parity Violation　185
7.4.1　*-θ Puzzle　185
7.4.2　Parity violation in β decays of cobalt 60 nuclei　186
7.5　The V-A Theory of Weak Interactions　187
7.5.1　Pure leptonic decay　187
7.5.2　Semi-leptonic decay　189
7.6　Cabibbo Theory and GIM Mechanism　191
7.7　Kobayashi-Maskawa Model　194
7.8　The Limitation of the Four Fermion Point-like Interactions and the Intermediate Vector Bosons　196
7.9　Conservation of Vector Current　198
7.10　Chiral Symmetry Breaking and PC AC　201
7.11　Mixing of Neutral Mesons and CP Violation　205
7.11.1　Quantum mechanical description　205
7.11.2　K°-*°mixing and CP violation　212
7.11.3　B°-*°mixing and CP violation　224
7.11.4　D°-*°mixing and CP violation　238
References　243
Chapter 8. Gauge Theory of Electroweak Unification　247
8.1　The Higgs Mechanism　248
8.2　Yang-Mills Theory　253
8.3　Glashow-Weinberg-Salam Electroweak Unification Model　259
8.4　The Vacuum Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking:The Higgs Mechanism　268
8.4.1　The kinetic energy, mass and self-interaction term of scalar field　272
8.4.2　The mass term of gauge field　274
8.4.3　The interaction term of the scalar and gauge fields　278
8.5　The Gain of the Fermion Mass: Yukawa Coupling　279
8.6　The Interaction of Fermion and Gauge Field II　285
8.7　The Interaction of Gauge Fields　288
8.8　Feynman Rule in the Renormalization Gauge(R* Gauge)　294
8.8.1　For pure scalar field　295
8.8.2　For the interaction of scalar and gauge fields　295
8.8.3　For ghost fields　298
8.8.4　The kinetic energy term of the Lagrangian in gauge　302
8.8.5　The interaction terms of scalar and fermions　303
8.9　The Discovery of Higgs Boson　310
References　314
Chapter 9. Theory of Strong Interaction: QCD　315
9.1　The　SU(3) Gauge Symmetry of Color　316
9.2　The　Quantization of Gauge Field and Fermion Field　320
9.2.1　The path integral quantization　320
9.2.2　Reduction formula　328
9.2.3　The quantization of gauge field　331
9.2.4　The quantization of fermion field and Grassmann algebra　336
9.3　The Effective Lagrangian of QCD and Perturbation Theory　342
9.3.1　The effective Lagrangian of QCD　342
9.3.2　Perturbation expansion　344
9.4　Divergence and Regularization of Loop Corrections　356
9.5　The Renormalization of Divergence　367
9.5.1　The superficial degree of divergence　368
9.5.2　The renormalizability of a theory　371
9.5.3　The renormalization of QCD　375
9.5.4　One-loop result of the renormalization constants　385
9.6　BUST Symmetry and the Generalized Ward-Takahashi Identity　391
9.6.1　BRST symmetry　391
9.6.2　The generalized Ward-Takahashi identity(Slavnov-Taylor identity)　395
9.7　The Renormalization Group Equation andthe Solution　401
9.7.1　The renormalization group　401
9.7.2　The renormalization group equations　409
9.7.3　The solution of the renormalization group equation　413
9.8　Asymptotic Freedom　416
9.9　Structure Function, Parton Distribution Function and the Application in Perturbative QCD　424
9.9.1　Structural function of deep inelastic scattering process　424
9.9.2　The prediction of QCD to the variation of structurefunction with Q2　427
9.9.3　Examples for application　429
9.10　A Brief Introduction to Some Bound States in QCD　432
9.10.1　e+e-collision, charmonium and Bottomonium　432
9.10.2　Glueball and hybrid state　434
9.11　Nonperturbative QCD and Lattice Gauge Theory　437
9.12　The Strong CP Problem　439
References　451
Chapter 10. Neutrino Oscillation　455
10.1　Experimental Evidence for Neutrino Oscillation　457
10.1.1　Atmospheric neutrino oscillation　457
10.1.2　Accelerator neutrino oscillation　459
10.1.3　Solar neutrino oscillation　460
10.1.4　Reactor neutrino oscillation　462
10.2　Theoretical Description of Neutrino Oscillation　464
10.2.1　Neutrino oscillation in vacuum　464
10.2.2　Neutrino oscillation in matter　468
10.3　Dirac Neutrino and Majorana Neutrino　472
10.3.1　Dirac neutrino　472
10.3.2　Majorana neutrino　474
10.4　Neutrino Mass and See-Saw Mechanism　476
10.5　Parameterization of Neutrino Mixing Matrix　480
10.6　CP Violation in Neutrino Oscillation　481
10.7　Neutrino Mass Hierarchy Problem　482
10.8　Perspectives　484
References　486
Chapter 11.Beyond Standard Model　489
11.1　Grand Unified Theories for Strong, Electromagnetic and Weak Interactions　490
11.1.1　SU(5) grand unified theory　490
11.1.2　SO(2N) grand unified models　509
11.1.3　Flavor unification　509
11.2　Supersymmetric Models　510
11.2.1　Superspace and superfields　513
11.2.2　Global supersymmetry and local supersymmetry(Supergravity)　514
11.2.3　Global supersymmetric theory and minimal supersymmetric standard model　515
11.3　Superstring Theory and Brane Theory　526
References　527
Chapter 12. Particle Physics and Cosmology　529
12.1　Basics of the Big Bang ACDM Model　530
12.1.1　Hubble’s law　531
12.1.2　The Robertson-Walker metric and the Friedmann equation　532
12.1.3　Definitions of some cosmological parameters　534
12.1.4　The redshift and its relation with the physical distance　536
12.1.5　Some important solutions to the standard ACDM model　538
12.1.6　The age of the Universe　540
12.2　Hot Big Bang and Radiation in the Early Universe　542
12.3　Neutrino Decoupling and Cosmic Neutrino Background　548
12.4　Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and Abundances of Primordial Light Elements　551
12.5　Cosmological Baryon-Antibaryon Asymmetry　555
12.6　Dark Matter　558
12.7　Dark Energy　561
12.8　Cosmic Microwave Background　565
12.8.1　Transition of the Universe to its matter-dominated epoch　565
12.8.2　Formation of the CMB　567
12.8.3　Anisotropies of the CMB　568
12.9　Three Cosmic Problems and the Inflation　Mechanism　572
12.9.1　Three problems in cosmology　572
12.9.2　The inflation mechanism　574
References　578
Chapter 13.　Epilogue　581
Appendix I.　Calculation of Some Cross Sections　585
Appendix II.　Table of Physical Constants　609
Index　617